Background: As the world energy crisis intensifies, countries in the world are seeking ways to solve the energy crisis, a road is to seek new and renewable sources of energy use and another one is to seek new energy-saving technologies and reduce energy consumption, improve energy Use efficiency.
Solar energy on the planet is the most direct the most common and most clean source of energy, solar energy as a massive renewable energy, the Earth's surface every day to radiation equivalent to about 2.5 millions upon millions of barrels of oil can be said to be inexhaustible, with the Inexhaustible. Almost all of the LED spectrum focused on the visible light spectrum, so luminous efficiency, and most people believe that the energy-saving lamps to energy-saving 4 / 5 is a great undertaking, but energy-saving LED lights to energy-saving than 1 / 4, this is a great source of solid Reform.
Solar LED lighting and LED integrates the advantages of solar energy.
。 In this paper, a high-power solar LED lights do in-depth discussions and detailed in Figure 1.
1, the system introduced
1.1 Introduction of the basic system
Figure 2, the system by the solar cell component parts (including stents), LED lamp holder, control box (with controllers, batteries) and Denggan several parts;-efficiency solar panels reached 127 Wp/m2, more efficient High, wind-resistant design of the system is very favourable; Lampholders of the white LED to 1 W and 1 W yellow light LED integrated in a printed circuit board with the lattice spacing to some of the plane as a light source.
Stainless steel control box to box for the material, aesthetic durability; control box placed maintenance-free lead-acid batteries and the charging and discharging controller. Selection of the system valve-regulated lead-acid batteries, due to its maintenance of very few, it is also known as "maintenance-free batteries," is conducive to the reduction of system maintenance costs; charge and discharge controller designed to take into account the full-featured (with photo-controlled , When controlled, a necessary and sufficient protection, the protection and Fan Jie-protection, etc.) and cost control and achieving a high price.
1.2 on principle
Principle of a simple system, the use of photovoltaic effect principle volt solar cells made of solar panels during the day to receive solar radiation into electricity output and, after charging and discharging controller stored in batteries, the night when the intensity gradually reduced to around 10 lux, Solar panels open circuit voltage around 4.5 V, charge and discharge controller to detect the voltage value after the action, the batteries discharge lamp holder. 8.5 hours battery discharge, charge and discharge controller movements, the end of battery discharge. Charge and discharge controller's main role is to protect the battery.
2, system design ideas
The design and solar energy lights the general solar lighting compared to the same basic principles, but more needs to be considered part. Below will be true of Hong Kong's Ming Group Ltd. The solar high-power LED lights as an example, in several aspects of.
2.1 Solar Module Selection
Design requirements: Guangzhou, load input voltage 24 V power 34.5 W, the daily hours of work 8.5 h, assurances consecutive rainy days seven days.
⑴ Guangzhou in the past 20 years the average annual radiation 107.7 Kcal/cm2, by simple calculations in Guangzhou peak sunshine hours is about 3.424 h;
⑵ load, power consumption = = 12.2AH
⑶ solar modules required for the total charge current = 1.05 × 12.2 × ÷ (3.424 × 0.85) = 5.9A
Here, two consecutive days of rain between the design of a minimum number of days to 20 days, 1.05 for the solar system components comprehensive loss coefficient, 0.85 for battery charging efficiency.
⑷ solar modules of the total power of at least a few = 17.2 × 5.9 = 102W
Selection of peak output power of 110 Wp, single block of 55 Wp standard battery components, should be able to guarantee streetlight system in most cases a year of normal operation.
Battery Selection 2.2
Battery design capacity of solar modules in the calculation compared to the peak watt to a few simple.
According to the above calculation that the power consumption load 12.2 AH. The battery is full of circumstances, can work seven consecutive rainy days, coupled with the first night of work, the battery capacity:
12.2 × (7 +1) = 97.6 (AH), optional 2-12 V100AH to meet the requirements of the battery.
2.3 solar components stent
2.3.1 inclination Design
In order for solar components in a year to receive the sun's radiation, as far as possible, we need to select a solar battery components best angle.
On the solar components of the inclination of the best in recent years in a number of academic publications have appeared on many. The street lamps in use for the Guangzhou area, based on this design reference data in the literature [1], solar cells selected components stent inclination of 16 o.
2.3.2 wind-resistant design
In the solar street lighting system, the structure of a need to attach great importance to the problem is that wind-resistant design. Wind-resistant design can be divided into two pieces, a battery components for the wind stent design, the design for Denggan the wind. Below the above two were analyzed.
⑴ stent components of the solar wind-resistant design
Battery components manufacturers based on the parameters of information technology, solar battery components can withstand wind pressure for the 2700 Pa. If the wind factor selected for the 27 m / s (equivalent to 10 typhoons), according to non-viscous fluid mechanics, battery components withstand wind pressure of only 365 Pa. Therefore, the component itself is completely under 27 m / s wind speed and not damaged. Therefore, the design of the key consideration is the battery components Denggan connection with the stent.
In this set of lights in the design of the battery system components Denggan connection with the stent design bolt-fixed link.
⑵ lights Denggan the wind-resistant design
Lights the parameters are as follows:
A = 16o Denggan height = 5m
selected Denggan weld at the bottom width of δ = 4mm Denggan = 168mm diameter at the bottom
Figure 3, where Weld is Denggan destruction of surface.PQ = [5000+（168+6）/tan16o]× Sin16o = 1545mm =1.545m。 Denggan destruction of the resistance moment W P points to Denggan calculated by the battery-role F-load of the distance for the PQ = [5000 + (168 +6) / tan16o] × Sin16o = 1545mm = 1.545m. M = F×1.545。 Therefore, the wind load in Denggan undermine the role of surface moments M = F × 1.545.
According to 27 m / s the design of the maximum allowable wind speed, 2 × 30W dual-lamp holder solar battery panels lights the basic load for 730 N. 1.3 consider the safety factor, F = 1.3 × 730 = 949N.
所以，M = F×1.545 = 949×1.545 = 1466N.m。 Therefore, M = F × 1.545 = 949 × 1.545 = 1466N.m.
W = π×（3r2δ＋3rδ2＋δ3）。 According to mathematical deduction, a round ring of destruction of the resistance moment W = π × (3r2 δ +3 r δ2 + δ3).
。 - On in, r is the circle diameter, δ is the width of the roundabout.
W = π×（3r2δ＋3rδ2＋δ3） Destruction of the resistance moment W = π × (3r2 δ +3 r δ2 + δ3)
=π×（3×842×4＋3×84×42＋43）= 88768mm3 = π × (3 × 842 × 4 +3 × 84 × 42 +43) = 88768mm3
=88.768×10－6 m3 = 88.768 × 10-6 m3
= M/W Wind Load Moment role in the destruction of surface caused by stress = M / W
= 1466/（88.768×10－6） =16.5×106pa =16.5 Mpa＜＜215Mpa = 1466 / (88.768 × 10-6) = 16.5 × 106pa = 16.5 Mpa <<215Mpa
。 Of which, 215 Mpa is the bending strength of Q235.
So, select the design meet the requirements of the seam width, as long as the welding quality can be guaranteed, Denggan the wind is no problem.
2.4 controller
Solar charge and discharge controller's main role is to protect the battery. Basic functions must have been sufficient protection, the protection of the release, light control, when the control and prevention, such as Fan Jie.
Battery-in overcharging, have put the protection of the general parameters such as voltage Table 1, when the battery voltage to change the circuit after setting the state.
In selecting devices, the current use of SCM is also used for comparison, more programmes, each with characteristics and advantages, should be based on customer demand for selected characteristics of the corresponding programmes, will not elaborate on January 1.
2.5 Surface Treatment
This series of products using electrostatic painting new technology, building materials to professional paint FP mainly to serve the customer's surface color coordinated and environmental requirements, while products with high self-cleaning, corrosion resistance of strong, anti-aging, apply to any Climate and environment. Processing technology designed to be hot-dip zinc on the basis of painting, so that product performance greatly improved, to the most stringent requirements AAMA2605.2005, other indicators have been reached or exceeded the requirements of the GB.
3, concluding remarks
Basically, taking into account the overall design of the various links; photovoltaic components of the peak wattage type design and type design capacity of the battery using the current most common method of design, design more scientific thinking; wind from the battery components stent design and Denggan Two were analyzed, more comprehensive analysis; surface treatment using the most advanced technological processes; lights overall structure of simplicity and aesthetics; prove that the actual operation of the link between good match.
At present, solar LED lighting in the early investment is still with us a major problem. However, the efficiency of solar cells in the light gradually increased and prices would be gradually reduced, and likewise on the market LED light rapid increase in efficiency, and lower in price. 。 Solar and renewable, clean and pollution-free energy-saving LED environmental protection compared to conventional fossil energy growing tensions, and after use on the environment will cause a serious and growing pollution. Therefore, solar LED lighting as an ascendant outdoor lighting, demonstrated to us will be endless vitality and broad prospects.