⑴ solar collectors of the characteristics of
。 Solar hot water system by the central collector, holding tanks, control systems, automatic control box in Sheung Shui, the circulating pump, piping accessories, and other organic combination of the collector water supply system. It is absorbed by the collector of solar radiation into heat, cold water into hot water; automatically by the automatic control box in Sheung Shui Sheung Shui, and by adjusting the control system to achieve:
Temperature cycle - improving the efficiency of collector;
Pipeline cycle - that is to open Shuizui hot water;
Regularly scheduled temperature electric heating measures - hot water temperature;
24-hour heated water supply;
Water Supply (≤ 0.6 Mpa);
Antifreeze devices - as usual winter use.
The whole system to run automatically, use the security and convenience. Modular structure, based on water consumption, the installation site, the user needs to carry out the order of flexible portfolio. Holding tanks are equipped with electric heating devices, according to user needs and the actual situation, the appropriate electrical heating power can change to meet the winter and rainy days with hot water requirements, and photoelectric complementary, microcomputer intelligent control to ensure sufficient supply of all-weather The hot water.
⑵ solar energy projects common sense
Selection: As the use of the product, not only for the quality of products have high requirements, while in product design to meet the requirements of engineering products. Can not use the product in general engineering design, because the retail products available in the market for family-type design, if used in engineering high failure rate, low thermal efficiency, can not design intent.
Pipeline design: the design of pipe connection works of particular importance, if the system pipeline design unreasonably prone to head too much resistance, a small water, inadequate supply of hot water, hot water sometimes possible short circuit, and other issues. Seriously affected the normal operation of the system, pipeline design requirements as far as possible on the sea balance diameter pipeline and system design requirements match, a reasonable calculation of pipeline flow.
Supporting energy: solar collectors through heaven, if they are cloudy fog-weather solar illumination inadequate collector can not obtain sufficient energy, when solar energy project can not meet the normal requirements of water, then need a second Energy as a supplement. General solar energy projects choice of electric heating, electric boilers, gas-fired boiler, oil-fired boiler, and other auxiliary energy equipment, equipment selection models to take into account rain fog-largest water demand will not affect normal hot water needs while also achieving Investment in the economically rational.
Control System: solar electric control is an important component of the project, it can achieve the intelligent control of water projects, such as: automatic Sheung Shui, the water full stop, water temperature display, automatic timing or electric heating, water regularly, Pressurized pipelines, such as recycling and control. Control system chosen is particularly important, because a certain electrical instability, the high failure rate, require special maintenance. Control system manufacturers to produce the formal request, the only such system of quality assurance. Reduce system failure rate and improve the overall performance of solar energy projects.
Water systems: solar energy project to provide a continuous hot water, which must have sufficient water to add. The general float me as a replenishment tools, can float me a current limit limited pressure on solar energy projects Water stable, safe and reliable. In the northern cold season, the need to float me to insulation, if necessary, within the increase in electric heating, cold water to ensure timely added that the system does not affect normal operation.
⑶ solar energy project FAQ
First, the design before understanding the problem:
1, unit construction conditions:
Buildings collector area of the size, shape, building height and to allow the water tank at the location (the top of the building, floors, basement, etc.) are not the same without the same.
2, the user requests:
The daily average total water use; user is a regular daily use or use at any time require the water temperature, water use location; practical purpose: bathing water, heating bath, the fish pond warming, the environment (planting or breeding shed) heating.
3, geographical location and conditions:
According to the user's geographic latitude and winter minimum temperature, sunlight conditions of the four seasons, whether the direction of the Chaoyang shelter, the installation of conditions.
4, user units supporting energy conditions:
Determined by (electric heater, electric boiler, fuel, gas-fired boiler, water, the source or air-source heat pump units, etc.) a programme or a combination of these two kinds of programmes.
5, user units of water pressure and voltage:
Understanding of user units and the water pressure and voltage supply.
Second, several common design
1, domestic solar water heaters in series-parallel programme.
。 User requirements is not very high in the case of the more common, for users in the environmental conditions are relatively simple to use. Installation is too many heavy loads, the buildings will be adversely affected. Attention to the design of the road in charge of water from top to bottom diameter and the number of parallel strings, avoid water and water-generated contradictions.
2, the natural cycle of design options.
In a small tonnage in the water were also very common, not suitable for large-tonnage water way. This is relatively simple, there are certain requirements, water and solar collector the height of the problem, tanks stent to calculate the loads and precautions issue, with "steel structure design specifications," no matter what method is the solar Collector, the number of parallel strings of their reasonable demands should be in line with the "solar hot water system design, installation and acceptance of technical specifications."
3, the water temperature design.
Through the collector and the temperature difference between the water tanks, control methods into the cold water temperature will reach the top of the hot water into water tanks, water tanks of hot water to fill after the temperature cycle through continued warming, which is a lot of companies are currently using solar energy Programme. In this way sunshine generally good conditions there is no problem, poor conditions in the sunshine, attention should be paid in such programmes in a timely manner Water, water tanks should have some water to prevent the electric heater Ganshao. When the water temperature below the set temperature, the energy requirements of auxiliary equipment prompt start to ensure that the user's normal use. In addition, the design in accordance with the requirements of the use of different users, respectively, set up regular daily use for heating and temperature at any time heating methods. In the north a low-temperature antifreeze protection.
4, temperature cycle design.
The controller's settings, so that a filled water tank, the highest level, the use of solar collectors and water tanks, the temperature difference, controlled circulation pump, the rising water temperature in the tank, this is a very useful temperature cycle Programme. According to the design of the use of different water use and water temperature settings. Regular daily Sheung Shui, when the minimum water level, at any time automatic replenishment, must ensure that the water in the tank. Based on user conditions, support energy equipment can be used more than one or two kinds of programmes. According to the design of the needs of different users, can set up a regular daily temperature for heating or heating at any time. Anti-freezing cold in the North requested protection.
3, controller and system design features:
1, water temperature display:
Can observe the water temperature in the tank, which is often required users in understanding the solar system's important data.
2, collector temperature display:
Can observe the collector in water temperature, this system is the need to understand when debugging solar system one of the important factors.
3, the water level of state show that:
Using five water level, water level status at a glance. This is also the regular users of the need to understand the importance of data.
4, regular heating time:
Set daily heating time, the controllers set the time in accordance with the need to determine the water temperature automatically activated heating.
Apply to the limits set by the needs of different users, usually in the bath temperature of 30 ℃ -75 ℃ suitable range of other purposes set according to demand, can set a maximum 99 ℃.
6, setting heating:
Regular use of heating or heating thermostat. Timing is heated in the set time, once a day heated to the temperature settings; heating temperature in the water temperature is below a certain value when the temperature set at Sheung Shui and heating to the temperature settings when to stop heating.
7, set in Sheung Shui:
Set time every day in Sheung Shui, the controller in the water level to set the time automatically activated the Sheung Shui to the highest level only, using electromagnetic valve or pump may need to determine.
8, automatic replenishment of low water level:
When the water level dropped to the lowest water level, the controller should be unconditional automatically filled water, and ensure sufficient water tanks in the water.
9, water temperature control:
。 The water temperature in the tank to set according to use, bath temperature, greenhouse heating temperatures, drying temperature materials such as the various needs, set the temperature varies.
10, the system antifreeze questions:
In addition to the attention of the thickness of insulation materials, you can use pipe emptying; can also be used system-wide cycle of law or adopted at the same time, with tropical Protection Act, when the temperature reached low-temperature range, can use the various methods of the system antifreeze Protection.
11, remote monitoring:
Users need to have some control room in a location other than the need to know whether the solar system to work, when the controller of failure will promptly found.
12, using the constant temperature of hot water cycle:
With the use of the circulation of hot water, hot water circulation line can always maintain the temperature and thermal storage tank close or identical, the user at any time that is open to the tap water, enabling users to use the hot water is convenience.
13, increased heating functions:
According to set the temperature to meet heating and mainly in the south of the northern region for heating demand, but also that the production activities (vegetables, flowers greenhouses) play a part in the warming and drying rooms of some of the work, save conventional energy sources.
14, the electrical control cabinet:
Control cabinet circuit's overall controller and the splitter controller, the use of power matching the fuses, circuit breakers, leakage protection, relays and exchanges and contacts, etc., when a short circuit or leakage of electricity supply facilities in total control And the controller of all time cut off the circuit, to identify the reasons for failure to resume the rear. Temperature between the controller and the electrical control should be installed correctly, we must better protect access to.
15, the installation forms:
According to the environmental conditions, can be installed various angles, using coercive methods can cycle from 0 degrees to 90 degrees to install any operation.
16, storage tank insulation:
Appropriateness of using steel assembled SMC glass or stainless steel water tank insulation combined water storage tanks. This two kinds of water tanks the main features: clean sanitation, never rust, meet the health standards, light weight, reasonable structure, the assembly venue at the scene less demanding. Water tanks are designed life of 30 years or more. Use of external tank insulation and protection of high-performance materials handling.
17, mine:
Solar collector system for the main metal structures, steel structures and buildings will link the lightning, you can effectively prevent the lightning strike.
18, handling precautions:
Solar System angle steel stent using welding or bolts fastening connected with the collector of the stent using angle steel roof parapet and connect with other can be fixed or the location of access, should conform to "norms of steel structure design," can be achieved - Wind effects.